hytrin 5mg usa
All age groups are susceptible to campylobacteriosis, but children under 10 years of age, including newborns, are predominantly ill. Persons who have constant (professional) contact with farm animals are at increased risk of infection with campylobacter. High susceptibility to campylobacteriosis distinguishes individuals with weakened resistance, immunodeficiency states, severe comorbidities (alcoholism, drug addiction, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, malignant neoplasms), as well as after gastrectomy, treatment with immunosuppressants.
The disease is recorded in the form of sporadic cases, small and less often - epidemic outbreaks.
Postinfectious immunity is poorly understood. The geographic distribution of campylobacteriosis is very wide, it occurs on all continents, which is associated with the intensification of animal husbandry, the increased international trade in animals, feed, animal products, and the growth of urbanization.
Pathogenesis and pathological anatomical picture.
Little studied. The pathogen enters the human body through the mouth with infected food and water. The development of variants of the course of the disease is determined by the state of resistance of the microorganism to infection. In persons with normal reactivity of hytrin pills, infection may not be accompanied by clinical manifestations and is limited to a subclinical form with bacterial excretion. In the gastrointestinal tract, mainly in the small (jejunum) intestine and less often in the large intestine, inflammatory changes in the mucous membrane occur at the site of the entry gate of infection.
Pronounced adhesive properties allow campylobacter to quickly colonize the mucous membrane, and invasive properties and the release of enterotoxin lead to the development of inflammation.
With a large infectious dose and, most importantly, a weakened body, a bacteremia phase develops with dissemination of hytrin pills into various organs and tissues. Sepsis is accompanied by the formation of secondary foci in the heart, central nervous system, lungs, liver, pia mater, etc.
In pregnant women with bacteremia, the pathogen crosses the placenta, which leads to abortion, premature birth and intrauterine infection of the fetus.
In some people with immunodeficiency, campylobacteriosis can occur chronically with damage to the endocardium, joints and other organs, like chronic sepsis. Children of the first year of life are especially hard to tolerate dehydration; their clinical picture of the disease resembles cholera. The severe form of the disease is rare, with it the general intoxication is significantly expressed, the body temperature reaches 40 ° C, accompanied by severe chills, sometimes - delirium and confusion. The hemogram may show moderate leukocytosis.
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In a mild form, the clinical manifestations of the disease can persist for 1–2 days. On average, the duration of diarrhea is from 2 to 10 days. At the same time, even short-term enterocolitis (within 2-3 days) leads to a sharp exhaustion and weakening of patients. Often, pain in the abdomen, general discomfort and malaise persist after the diarrhea stops. The convalescence period lasts from 2 days to 3 weeks. Typically, the gastrointestinal form of campylobacteriosis ends in complete recovery, but relapses may develop.
Reactive arthritis usually develops 1–2 weeks after the onset of the diarrheal syndrome. It is possible to damage one (often the knee) joint, the spread of the pathological process to the ankle, wrist joints, small joints of the hand and feet.